The Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics research groups at the Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program (INDIVIDRUG), University of Helsinki, work to identify key factors affecting drug response in humans. Our research focuses on pharmacokinetics, pharmacogenetics, drug-drug interactions and drug safety. We combine clinical trials with genetic testing, laboratory experiments and computer simulations to understand, predict and ultimately improve therapeutic drug response. By increasing knowledge on the consequences of genetic variability and drug-drug interactions, treatment can be personalised - with less need for trial and error in prescribing drugs.